Sector-specific regulation may be needed where competition is not effective, for example due to economies of scale and scope or network effects. In the telecommunications market, sector specific “significant market power” regulation has focused on access obligations and the regulation of charges for wholesale services. However, as the market evolves, regulatory instruments are being adapted to new circumstances, and a greater focus has been given to providing incentives to adopt open business models and reach negotiated solutions. Online platforms have also become the subject of regulation with the entry into force of EU Regulations such as the Digital Markets Act and Digital Services Act. Through our research activities and our studies, we provide regulatory authorities, the European Commission and other decision-makers with sound scientific findings.
